Surgeons typically use one of two main techniques to repair an umbilical hernia: open surgery or laparoscopic (keyhole) surgery. The choice depends on several factors, including hernia size and your overall health.

In open surgery—the most common approach—the surgeon makes a small incision near the belly button, returns the herniated tissue to the abdominal cavity, and strengthens the area with sutures and/or mesh. As a result, the abdominal wall is reinforced and the risk of recurrence is reduced.

Surgeons perform this operation under general anaesthesia.

During your consultation, your surgeon will explain whether you’ll return home the same day or stay overnight. Additionally, your recovery plan will be tailored to your needs.

You might need surgery if you notice a soft bulge near your belly button, especially if it becomes more noticeable when you cough, strain, or lift heavy objects. In addition, some patients experience pain or discomfort that affects daily activities.

Other symptoms can include:

• Discomfort or pain at the bulge site
• Abdominal pain (in cases of incarceration)
• Nausea or vomiting (in cases of obstruction)
• Skin breakdown over the hernia

Every surgery carries some risks. Your surgeon will explain the risks specific to your health and procedure. For example, if mesh is used, there may be a small risk of infection. Furthermore, while complications are uncommon, it’s important to understand all possible outcomes.

These can include:
• Blood clots
• Infection
• Pain or discomfort after surgery
• Mesh-related complications
• Fluid collection near the surgical site
• Intestinal blockage
• Bleeding
• Hernia recurrence
• Need for another operation